ASTM D4221-1999(2005) 用双倍流体比重计测定粘土的分散特性的试验方法
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【英文标准名称】:StandardTestMethodforDispersiveCharacteristicsofClaySoilbyDoubleHydrometer
【原文标准名称】:用双倍流体比重计测定粘土的分散特性的试验方法
【标准号】:ASTMD4221-1999(2005)
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:
【发布日期】:1999
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:D18.06
【标准类型】:(TestMethod)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:瓷土;试验设备;施工材料;试验;建筑;土壤;分散;流体比重计;特性
【英文主题词】:clays;deflocculation;dispersion;dispersiveclay;erosion;gradation;hydrometeranalysis;jugging;particlesize;piping
【摘要】:Dispersiveclaysarethosewhichnormallydeflocculatewhenexposedtowateroflow-saltconcentration,theoppositeofaggregatedclaysthatwouldremainflocculatedinthesamesoil-watersystem(3,4,7).Generally,dispersiveclaysarehighlyerosive,possiblysubjecttohighshrink-swellpotential,mayhavelowershearstrength,andhavelowerpermeabilityratesthanaggregatedclays.Availabledata(1)indicatesthatthetestmethodhasabout85%relianceinpredictingdispersiveperformance(85%ofdispersiveclaysshowmorethan35%dispersion).Sincethistestmethodmaynotidentifyalldispersiveclays,designdecisionsbasedsolelyonthistestmethodmaynotbeconservative.Itisoftenruninconjunctionwiththecrumbtest(4,7),thepinholetestgiveninTestMethodD4647,ortheanalysisofporewaterextract(4,7),orcombinationthereof,toidentifypossibledispersiveclaybehavior.Note18212;Notwithstandingthestatementonprecisionandbiascontainedinthistestmethod;theprecisionofthistestmethodisdependentonthecompetenceofthepersonalperformingit,andthesuitabilityoftheequipmentandfacilitiesused.AgenciesthatmeetthecriteriaofPracticeD3740aregenerallyconsideredcapableofcompetentandobjectivetesting.UsersofthistestmethodarecautionedthatcompliancewithPracticeD3740doesnotinitselfensurereliabletesting.Reliabletestingdependsonseveralfactors;PracticeD3740providesameansofevaluatingsomeofthosefactors.1.1Thistestmethod,whenusedinconjunctionwithatestperformedbyTestMethodD422onaduplicatesoilsample,providesanindicationofthenaturaldispersivecharacteristicsofclaysoils().1.2Thistestmethodisapplicableonlytosoilswithaplasticityindexgreaterthan4asdeterminedinaccordancewithTestMethodD4318andmorethan12%ofthesoilfractionfinerthan5-masdeterminedinaccordancewithTestMethodD422().1.3ThistestmethodissimilartoTestMethodD422,exceptthatthismethodcoversthedeterminationofpercentofsoilparticlessmallerthan5-mindiameterinasoil-watersuspensionwithoutmechanicalagitationandtowhichnodispersingagenthasbeenadded.1.4Theamountofparticlessmallerthan5-mdeterminedbythismethodcomparedwiththetotalamountofparticlessmallerthan5-mdeterminedbyTestMethodD422isameasureofthedispersivecharacteristicsofthesoil.1.5Thistestmethodmaynotidentifyalldispersiveclaysoils.Pinholes(TestMethodD4647andcrumbtests,orboth,()ortheanalysisofporewaterextract()maybeperformedtohelpverifydispersion.Thisstandarddoesnotpurporttoaddressallofthesafetyconcerns,ifany,associatedwithitsuse.Itistheresponsibilityoftheuserofthisstandardtoestablishappropriatesafetyandhealthpracticesanddeterminetheapplicabilityofregulatorylimitationspriortouse.
【中国标准分类号】:N51
【国际标准分类号】:
【页数】:3P.;A4
【正文语种】:
【原文标准名称】:用双倍流体比重计测定粘土的分散特性的试验方法
【标准号】:ASTMD4221-1999(2005)
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:
【发布日期】:1999
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:D18.06
【标准类型】:(TestMethod)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:瓷土;试验设备;施工材料;试验;建筑;土壤;分散;流体比重计;特性
【英文主题词】:clays;deflocculation;dispersion;dispersiveclay;erosion;gradation;hydrometeranalysis;jugging;particlesize;piping
【摘要】:Dispersiveclaysarethosewhichnormallydeflocculatewhenexposedtowateroflow-saltconcentration,theoppositeofaggregatedclaysthatwouldremainflocculatedinthesamesoil-watersystem(3,4,7).Generally,dispersiveclaysarehighlyerosive,possiblysubjecttohighshrink-swellpotential,mayhavelowershearstrength,andhavelowerpermeabilityratesthanaggregatedclays.Availabledata(1)indicatesthatthetestmethodhasabout85%relianceinpredictingdispersiveperformance(85%ofdispersiveclaysshowmorethan35%dispersion).Sincethistestmethodmaynotidentifyalldispersiveclays,designdecisionsbasedsolelyonthistestmethodmaynotbeconservative.Itisoftenruninconjunctionwiththecrumbtest(4,7),thepinholetestgiveninTestMethodD4647,ortheanalysisofporewaterextract(4,7),orcombinationthereof,toidentifypossibledispersiveclaybehavior.Note18212;Notwithstandingthestatementonprecisionandbiascontainedinthistestmethod;theprecisionofthistestmethodisdependentonthecompetenceofthepersonalperformingit,andthesuitabilityoftheequipmentandfacilitiesused.AgenciesthatmeetthecriteriaofPracticeD3740aregenerallyconsideredcapableofcompetentandobjectivetesting.UsersofthistestmethodarecautionedthatcompliancewithPracticeD3740doesnotinitselfensurereliabletesting.Reliabletestingdependsonseveralfactors;PracticeD3740providesameansofevaluatingsomeofthosefactors.1.1Thistestmethod,whenusedinconjunctionwithatestperformedbyTestMethodD422onaduplicatesoilsample,providesanindicationofthenaturaldispersivecharacteristicsofclaysoils().1.2Thistestmethodisapplicableonlytosoilswithaplasticityindexgreaterthan4asdeterminedinaccordancewithTestMethodD4318andmorethan12%ofthesoilfractionfinerthan5-masdeterminedinaccordancewithTestMethodD422().1.3ThistestmethodissimilartoTestMethodD422,exceptthatthismethodcoversthedeterminationofpercentofsoilparticlessmallerthan5-mindiameterinasoil-watersuspensionwithoutmechanicalagitationandtowhichnodispersingagenthasbeenadded.1.4Theamountofparticlessmallerthan5-mdeterminedbythismethodcomparedwiththetotalamountofparticlessmallerthan5-mdeterminedbyTestMethodD422isameasureofthedispersivecharacteristicsofthesoil.1.5Thistestmethodmaynotidentifyalldispersiveclaysoils.Pinholes(TestMethodD4647andcrumbtests,orboth,()ortheanalysisofporewaterextract()maybeperformedtohelpverifydispersion.Thisstandarddoesnotpurporttoaddressallofthesafetyconcerns,ifany,associatedwithitsuse.Itistheresponsibilityoftheuserofthisstandardtoestablishappropriatesafetyandhealthpracticesanddeterminetheapplicabilityofregulatorylimitationspriortouse.
【中国标准分类号】:N51
【国际标准分类号】:
【页数】:3P.;A4
【正文语种】:
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